
Politics Revision
Democracy, parties, elections, the constitution, political ideas and US politics.
A-Level Politics revision spans two political systems and three papers, and these lessons follow the Pearson Edexcel 9PL0 specification topic by topic. Paper 1 covers UK democracy, parties, electoral systems and voting behaviour, with conservatism, liberalism and socialism as the core political ideas. Paper 2 covers the constitution, Parliament, the Prime Minister and executive, with nationalism as the non-core idea. Paper 3 compares the US Constitution, Congress, presidency and Supreme Court with the UK through the rational, cultural and structural approaches.
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Lessons
Democracy and Participation
412 min
LessonDemocracy and Participation
Paper 1, 1.1 Current systems of representative democracy and direct democracy
2 hours ago
14 min
LessonThe Franchise and Debates over Suffrage
Paper 1, 1.2 A wider franchise and debates over suffrage
2 hours ago
18 min
LessonPressure Groups and Other Influences
Paper 1, 1.3 Pressure groups and other influences
2 hours ago
21 min
Political Parties
417 min
17 min
14 min
18 min
Electoral Systems
314 min
15 min
14 min
LessonComparing Electoral Systems and Their Effects
Paper 1, 3.3 Electoral system analysis
2 hours ago
Voting Behaviour and the Media
316 min
LessonThree Key General Elections
Paper 1, 4.1 Case studies of three key general elections
2 hours ago
22 min
LessonFactors Influencing Voting Behaviour
Paper 1, 4.1 Case studies of three key general elections
2 hours ago
15 min
Conservatism
315 min
LessonConservatism: Core Ideas and Principles
Paper 1, Conservatism 1: core ideas and principles
2 hours ago
13 min
LessonTensions within Conservatism
Paper 1, Conservatism 2: differing views and tensions within conservatism
2 hours ago
14 min
LessonConservative Thinkers
Paper 1, Conservatism 3: conservative thinkers and their ideas
2 hours ago
Liberalism
314 min
LessonLiberalism: Core Ideas and Principles
Paper 1, Liberalism 1: core ideas and principles
2 hours ago
13 min
LessonTensions within Liberalism
Paper 1, Liberalism 2: differing views and tensions within liberalism
2 hours ago
16 min
The Constitution
416 min
LessonThe UK Constitution: Nature and Sources
Paper 2, 1.1 The nature and sources of the UK Constitution
2 hours ago
15 min
LessonConstitutional Reform since 1997
Paper 2, 1.2 How the constitution has changed since 1997
2 hours ago
20 min
LessonDevolution in the UK
Paper 2, 1.3 The role and powers of devolved bodies in the UK, and the impact of this devolution on the UK
2 hours ago
21 min
Parliament
413 min
LessonParliament: Structure and Functions
Paper 2, 2.1 The structure and role of the House of Commons and House of Lords
2 hours ago
12 min
LessonComparative Powers of the Commons and Lords
Paper 2, 2.2 The comparative powers of the House of Commons and House of Lords
2 hours ago
14 min
18 min
LessonHow Parliament Scrutinises the Executive
Paper 2, 2.4 The ways in which Parliament interacts with the Executive
2 hours ago
Prime Minister and Executive
414 min
LessonThe Executive: Structure, Role and Powers
Paper 2, 3.1 The structure, role, and powers of the Executive
2 hours ago
14 min
15 min
LessonThe Prime Minister and the Cabinet
Paper 2, 3.3.1 The power of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet
2 hours ago
17 min
LessonPrime Ministerial Power: Thatcher and Blair
Paper 2, 3.3.2 The powers of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet to dictate events and determine policy
2 hours ago
Relations Between the Branches
417 min
LessonThe UK Supreme Court
Paper 2, 4.1 The Supreme Court and its interactions with, and influence over, the legislative and policy-making processes
2 hours ago
15 min
LessonExecutive and Parliament: Where Power Lies
Paper 2, 4.2 The relationship between the Executive and Parliament
2 hours ago
14 min
LessonThe EU and UK Government
Paper 2, 4.3 The aims, role and impact of the European Union (EU) on UK government
2 hours ago
17 min
LessonWhere Sovereignty Lies in the UK
Paper 2, 4.4 The location of sovereignty in the UK political system
2 hours ago
Nationalism
319 min
LessonNationalism: Core Ideas and Principles
Paper 2, Nationalism 1: core ideas and principles
2 hours ago
15 min
16 min
The US Constitution and Federalism
217 min
LessonThe US Constitution
Paper 3A, 1.1 The nature of the US Constitution; 1.2 The key features of the US Constitution; 1.4 The effectiveness of the US Constitution
2 hours ago
17 min
LessonUS Federalism
Paper 3A, 1.3 The main characteristics of US federalism; 1.4 The extent to which the USA remains federal today
2 hours ago
US Congress
416 min
LessonUS Congress: Structure and Powers
Paper 3A, 2.1 The structure of Congress; 2.1.1 The distribution of powers within Congress
2 hours ago
14 min
15 min
17 min
LessonCongressional Oversight
Paper 3A, 2.2.3 Oversight; 2.3 Interpretations and debates around Congress
2 hours ago
US Presidency
415 min
14 min
LessonInformal Powers of the President
Paper 3A, 3.2 Informal sources of presidential power and their use
2 hours ago
13 min
LessonLimits on Presidential Power
Paper 3A, 3.3 The presidency (3.3.1 relationships; 3.3.2 limitations)
2 hours ago
14 min
LessonThe Imperial and Imperilled Presidency
Paper 3A, 3.4 Interpretations and debates of the US presidency
2 hours ago
US Supreme Court and Civil Rights
513 min
LessonThe US Supreme Court: Role and Judicial Review
Paper 3A, 4.1 The nature and role of the Supreme Court
2 hours ago
12 min
LessonAppointing Supreme Court Justices
Paper 3A, 4.2 The appointment process for the Supreme Court
2 hours ago
19 min
LessonThe Supreme Court and Public Policy
Paper 3A, 4.3 The Supreme Court and public policy; 4.6 Interpretations and debates (political versus judicial nature; Living Constitution as against originalism; the extent of the Court's powers and the effectiveness of checks and balances; successes and failures of measures to promote equality)
2 hours ago
13 min
LessonCivil Liberties and Rights in the USA
Paper 3A, 4.4 The protection of civil liberties and rights in the US today; 4.6 Interpretations and debates (how effectively civil and constitutional rights have been upheld by the Supreme Court and the effectiveness of this protection)
2 hours ago
15 min
LessonRace and Rights in US Politics
Paper 3A, 4.5 Race and rights in contemporary US politics
2 hours ago
US Democracy and Participation
613 min
LessonUS Presidential and Congressional Elections
Paper 3A, 5.1.1 Elections and their significance
2 hours ago
11 min
LessonThe Electoral College and the Case for Reform
Paper 3A, 5.4 Interpretations and debates of US democracy and participation
2 hours ago
11 min
14 min
LessonThe Democratic and Republican Parties
Paper 3A, 5.2.1 The distribution of power and changing significance of the parties; 5.2.2 Current conflicts and tendencies
2 hours ago
14 min
LessonWho Votes for Whom in the USA
Paper 3A, 5.2.3 Coalition of supporters for each party
2 hours ago
14 min
LessonInterest Groups in the USA
Paper 3A, 5.3 Interest groups in the USA; 5.4 Interpretations and debates
2 hours ago
Comparative Approaches
611 min
12 min
LessonComparing the UK and US Constitutions
Paper 3A, 6.2.1 Comparing constitutions; 6.2.2 Applying the approaches
2 hours ago
12 min
LessonComparing Parliament and Congress
Paper 3A, 6.2.3 Comparing legislatures; 6.2.4 Applying the approaches
2 hours ago
13 min
LessonComparing the President and the Prime Minister
Paper 3A, 6.2.5 Comparing executives; 6.2.6 Applying the approaches
2 hours ago
14 min
LessonComparing the Supreme Courts and Rights
Paper 3A, 6.2.7 Comparing judiciaries and civil rights; 6.2.8 Applying the approaches
2 hours ago
15 min
LessonComparing Democracy and Participation
Paper 3A, 6.2.9 Comparing democracy and participation; 6.2.10 Applying the approaches
2 hours ago
Exam Technique
413 min
11 min
11 min
LessonThe 24-Mark Political Ideas Essay
Papers 1 and 2, Section B — 24-mark political ideas essay
2 hours ago
13 min
LessonThe 12-Mark Comparative Questions
Paper 3A, Sections A and B — 12-mark Analyse and Examine questions
2 hours ago
Frequently asked questions
By three written papers, each 2 hours, each worth 84 marks and 33.3% of the A-level, with no coursework. Paper 1 is UK Politics and Core Political Ideas, Paper 2 is UK Government and Non-core Political Ideas, and Paper 3 is Comparative Politics.
Paper 1 covers democracy and participation, political parties, electoral systems and voting behaviour, plus conservatism, liberalism and socialism. Paper 2 covers the constitution, Parliament, the Prime Minister and executive, and relations between the branches, plus one non-core idea. Paper 3 covers US politics and comparative approaches.
Three core ideas are compulsory on Paper 1: conservatism, liberalism and socialism. Paper 2 adds one non-core idea chosen from anarchism, ecologism, feminism, multiculturalism and nationalism. These lessons cover nationalism, the most widely taught of the five.
Yes. They are written against Issue 4 of the 9PL0 specification, for first teaching from September 2026. That matters because Issue 4 replaced the Supplementary Vote with the Closed Proportional List System and moved the US presidency reference window from 1992 to 2000.
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