Prepositions and Contractions
Aligned to the AQA 8652 specification
- Level
- Intermediate
- Reading time
- 6 min
- Published
- 11 July 2026
On this page
Key takeaways
- à and de contract with le and les: à + le = au, à + les = aux, de + le = du, de + les = des. à la, à l', de la and de l' never contract.
- For countries use en with feminine countries (en France), au with masculine (au Portugal) and aux with plural (aux États-Unis); use à for towns and cities (à Paris).
- jouer à is used for sports and games (jouer au foot) but jouer de is used for instruments (jouer du piano).
- pour and sans are followed by the infinitive: pour apprendre (in order to learn), sans manger (without eating).
- de shows possession, where English uses apostrophe-s: le sac de Léa means Léa's bag.
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Key terms
- la préposition (preposition)
- A small linking word such as à, de, dans or sur that shows the relationship between words, often place, direction or possession.
- la contraction (contraction)
- The merging of à or de with le or les into a single word: au, aux, du, des.
- à (to/at/in)
- A preposition showing location or direction, also used with towns (à Paris) and after certain verbs (commencer à).
- de (of/from)
- A preposition showing origin or possession (le sac de Léa), also used after certain verbs (décider de).
Frequently asked questions
These are contractions. à + le = au and à + les = aux (je vais au parc, aux magasins). de + le = du and de + les = des (je viens du cinéma, des toilettes). The combinations à la, à l', de la and de l' stay as two words and do not contract.
It depends on gender and number: en for feminine countries (en France, en Espagne), au for masculine countries (au Portugal, au Canada) and aux for plural countries (aux États-Unis). For a town or city, always use à: à Paris, à Londres.
jouer à is used with sports and games: je joue au football, elle joue aux cartes. jouer de is used with musical instruments: je joue du piano, il joue de la guitare. Both contract with le/les to give au/aux and du/des.
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